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The petiole is the 'stem' which attaches the leaf to the twig. Terms such as winged, glanded or grooved are used to help in the identification of certain species. Also making note in how the petiole is attached to the twig is also a helpful tool in identifying some species.<\/p>\n"},"library":"H5P.Text 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"},"subContentId":"d5f45ff8-8980-45a0-8574-f2824421b109"}],"header":"Petiole"},{"position":{"x":54.2,"y":56.1973692241468},"alwaysFullscreen":false,"content":[{"params":{"text":"

The midrib is the central vein that runs up the leaf. Smaller leaf veins all attach to the midrib.<\/p>\n"},"library":"H5P.Text 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"},"subContentId":"95a44cb3-c801-40d4-a45b-02ee39716620"}],"header":"Midrib"},{"position":{"x":46.6,"y":35.96929851331209},"alwaysFullscreen":false,"content":[{"params":{"text":"

Veins are tiny lines that run throughout the leaf. In some species vein patterns provide key identification features. Terms such as pinnate, palmate, arcuate, dichotomous and reticulate are used to describe the pattern of the veins.<\/p>\n"},"library":"H5P.Text 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"},"subContentId":"62f6a12b-094b-4e46-a378-ea4c8f4089fd"}],"header":"Veins"},{"position":{"x":68.2,"y":50.74122780247738},"alwaysFullscreen":false,"content":[{"params":{"text":"

The space between two lobes or divisions on a leaf. Sinus ID characteristics may include rounded, v-shaped, shallow, deep, etc.<\/p>\n"},"library":"H5P.Text 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"},"subContentId":"4066d6c2-4794-4d06-99d0-8bdc09e6655c"}],"header":"Sinus"},{"position":{"x":91.8,"y":27.98684371145148},"alwaysFullscreen":false,"content":[{"params":{"text":"

A margin is the edge of a leaf. Some species have smooth or entire margins, other have different forms of toothed or serrated margins such as on a hand saw blade. An extensive list of terms such as entire, undulate, serrate, crenate and lobed are used to describe the margins. Some of these terms break down further such as doubly serrate, pinnately lobed, etc.<\/p>\n"},"library":"H5P.Text 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"},"subContentId":"8db8877c-7f70-404d-b90f-ec44024dcbb7"}],"header":"Margin"},{"position":{"x":49.4,"y":93.96929690712376},"alwaysFullscreen":false,"content":[{"params":{"text":"

Leaf or bud arrangement is the absolute first thing you should check when identifying trees and shrubs. Arrangement is constant for trees. Tree genera always either have an opposite or alternate leaf arrangement. When trying to identify a species if we know the arrangement we instantly eliminate numerous other species. For example if the tree you are identifying has an opposite arrangement we can eliminate all tree species with an alternate arrangement. As we learn this semester we will learn a few outlying arrangements such as whorled and sub-opposite also, but this is a very small list compared to the opposites and alternates.<\/p>\n"},"library":"H5P.Text 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"},"subContentId":"9de08ede-e8dd-47a1-a74f-acde9397a64e"}],"header":"Arrangement"},{"position":{"x":68.2,"y":2.951752512078536},"alwaysFullscreen":false,"content":[{"params":{"text":"

The apex is the tip of the leaf. When identifying make note of the shape of the apex. Terms such as acute, acuminate, bristle-tipped, truncate or obtuse are used to describe the apex.<\/p>\n"},"library":"H5P.Text 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"},"subContentId":"b9167ca9-95d8-4671-889a-0371d01f8c18"}],"header":"Apex"},{"position":{"x":53,"y":81.40789634303043},"alwaysFullscreen":false,"content":[{"params":{"text":"

The base of the leaf is where the leaf attaches to the petiole. When identifying make note of the shape. Does the base extend over the petiole, is it heart shaped, etc. Terminology such as cordate, acute, rounded, truncate or oblique may be used to describe different base shapes.<\/p>\n"},"library":"H5P.Text 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"},"subContentId":"8e91314a-f19a-4a40-b1ba-c1dbe91208ae"}],"header":"Base"},{"position":{"x":54.2,"y":27.9166653281764},"alwaysFullscreen":false,"content":[{"params":{"text":"

Leaf surface provides clues to correct identification by noting if the leaf surface is hairy (pubescent or trichomes), wrinkly, smooth, shiny, etc. It is also worth noting some species can be identified by the top sid of the leaf and\/or the bottom side of the leaf as these 2 surfaces can differ.<\/p>\n"},"library":"H5P.Text 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"},"subContentId":"e099e9db-4891-46d8-9bb6-f900801b7e35"}],"header":"Leaf Surface"},{"position":{"x":13,"y":62.53070228978207},"alwaysFullscreen":false,"content":[{"params":{"text":"

Leaf shape is the overall description of the species' leaf shape. There are 2 general categories in deciduous trees: simple or compound. In this example we have a simple, lobed leaf. Other terms to describe leaf shape include entire, compound, pinnately compound and palmately compound.<\/p>\n"},"library":"H5P.Text 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"},"subContentId":"12d92cea-636a-4438-88cb-c8e2ccba2ad9"}],"header":"Leaf Shape"},{"position":{"x":86.4,"y":52.88240131578947},"alwaysFullscreen":false,"content":[{"params":{"text":"

A projecting part of a leaf, flower, etc. In the case of leaves this is the extension or 'fingers' of a leaf.<\/p>\n"},"library":"H5P.Text 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"},"subContentId":"39919729-ff7b-4f6e-af95-9de5e4376564"}],"header":"Lobe"}],"hotspotNumberLabel":"Hotspot #num","closeButtonLabel":"Close","backgroundImageAltText":"Image of a Red Oak Leaf.","image":{"path":"images\/image-5ecea2aa172fd.png","mime":"image\/png","copyright":{"license":"PD","author":"Fran\u00e7ois Andr\u00e9 Michaux","title":"Quercus rubra","source":"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:NAS-026g_Quercus_rubra.png","year":"1812","version":"CC PDM"},"width":2123,"height":3185}}

Anatomy of a Simple Leaf

Tom Mikel