{"presentation":{"slides":[{"elements":[{"x":0,"y":0,"width":100,"height":100,"action":{"library":"H5P.Image 1.1","params":{"contentName":"Image","file":{"path":"images\/file-5f0c6b7f3e234.jpg","mime":"image\/jpeg","copyright":{"license":"U"},"width":1280,"height":800},"alt":"water versus fire"},"subContentId":"67a195a4-6d5d-4da6-92c7-0107d7d0c37b","metadata":{"contentType":"Image","license":"U","title":"Untitled Image"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""},{"x":3.2679738562091503,"y":4.301075268817204,"width":39.97821350762527,"height":17.204301075268816,"action":{"library":"H5P.AdvancedText 1.1","params":{"text":"

Firemen versus Watermen (Plutonists v. Neptunists)<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n"},"subContentId":"909fba0c-0cd4-493e-ba17-3754207c85fb","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""},{"x":3.5763411279229715,"y":19.565217391304348,"width":40.02751031636864,"height":8.152173913043478,"action":{"library":"H5P.AdvancedText 1.1","params":{"text":"

The origin of rocks and minerals<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n"},"subContentId":"249aa51b-ef5e-486c-b2cb-ccd274e7caf1","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""}],"slideBackgroundSelector":{}},{"elements":[{"x":1.5130674002751032,"y":46.19565217391304,"width":90.7840440165062,"height":48.91304347826087,"action":{"library":"H5P.AdvancedText 1.1","params":{"text":"

Ancient Greek and Roman philosophers were interested in the origin of ores<\/span><\/p>\n\n

Ore: a naturally occurring solid material from which a metal or valuable mineral can be profitably extracted<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n\n

Aristotle [384 - 322 BC] came up with a comprehensive theory on the origin and nature of minerals<\/span><\/p>\n\n

In Meteorologica he wrote that all natural substances consisted of 4 properties - <\/span>dryness, dampness, heat and cold - and these were combined in the four primitive elements, water, air, earth and fire<\/span>, elements that could be transmuted <\/strong>by altering the relative proportions of the properties <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

***This concept dominated the thinking of man for the <\/span>next two thousand years***<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n

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The next important work on minerals was \"Natural History\" by Pliny in 77Ad<\/p>\n\n

***This work served as the authority and source book for writers on Natural History subjects for 16 centuries***<\/strong> (although it did not dominate or shape the thinking of men as did the works or teachings of Aristotle)<\/p>\n"},"subContentId":"1ad86209-8b31-4601-9826-e95d4fe2fb52","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""},{"x":72.98474945533769,"y":37.97376344086022,"width":25.05446623093682,"height":21.72043010752688,"action":{"library":"H5P.Audio 1.5","params":{"fitToWrapper":true,"playerMode":"full","controls":true,"autoplay":true,"playAudio":"Play audio","pauseAudio":"Pause audio","contentName":"Audio","audioNotSupported":"Your browser does not support this audio","files":[{"path":"audios\/files-5f0c714cc9da1.m4a","mime":"audio\/mp4","copyright":{"license":"U"}}]},"subContentId":"9fcbe3e4-b9d5-4f46-9761-b0333df758b7","metadata":{"contentType":"Audio","license":"U","title":"Pliny"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""}],"slideBackgroundSelector":{}},{"elements":[{"x":1.3755158184319118,"y":2.717391304347826,"width":63.27372764786796,"height":92.39130434782608,"action":{"library":"H5P.Image 1.1","params":{"contentName":"Image","file":{"path":"images\/file-5f0c6fee9e1a8.png","mime":"image\/png","copyright":{"license":"U"},"width":612,"height":452},"alt":"Medieval times"},"subContentId":"4e1a0ea4-6207-47aa-8e2d-ed867d49bfcb","metadata":{"contentType":"Image","license":"U","title":"Untitled Image"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""},{"x":67.40021786492375,"y":67.85290322580646,"width":29.411764705882355,"height":24.301075268817204,"action":{"library":"H5P.Audio 1.5","params":{"fitToWrapper":true,"playerMode":"full","controls":true,"autoplay":true,"playAudio":"Play audio","pauseAudio":"Pause audio","contentName":"Audio","audioNotSupported":"Your browser does not support this audio","files":[{"path":"audios\/files-5f0c71d0ea877.m4a","mime":"audio\/mp4","copyright":{"license":"U"}}]},"subContentId":"e9dd83b9-7c50-421a-8b67-cadfc151348f","metadata":{"contentType":"Audio","license":"U","title":"Medieval Ages"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""}],"slideBackgroundSelector":{}},{"elements":[{"x":37.964236588720766,"y":2.717391304347826,"width":60.52269601100413,"height":89.67391304347825,"action":{"library":"H5P.Image 1.1","params":{"contentName":"Image","file":{"path":"images\/file-5f0c7202ae7a0.png","mime":"image\/png","copyright":{"license":"U"},"width":600,"height":450},"alt":"Avicenna"},"subContentId":"b4724c5f-b938-4e42-bcba-77805b5f5b76","metadata":{"contentType":"Image","license":"U","title":"Untitled Image"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""},{"x":2.178649237472767,"y":13.55847311827957,"width":33.87799564270153,"height":26.881720430107524,"action":{"library":"H5P.Audio 1.5","params":{"fitToWrapper":true,"playerMode":"full","controls":true,"autoplay":true,"playAudio":"Play audio","pauseAudio":"Pause audio","contentName":"Audio","audioNotSupported":"Your browser does not support this audio","files":[{"path":"audios\/files-5f0c731713586.m4a","mime":"audio\/mp4","copyright":{"license":"U"}}]},"subContentId":"49c04155-9512-4379-b7f3-3fcb08534ad1","metadata":{"contentType":"Audio","license":"U","title":"Avicenna"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""},{"x":1.0893246187363834,"y":54.24731182795699,"width":35.18518518518518,"height":21.72043010752688,"action":{"library":"H5P.Audio 1.5","params":{"fitToWrapper":true,"playerMode":"full","controls":true,"autoplay":false,"playAudio":"Play audio","pauseAudio":"Pause audio","contentName":"Audio","audioNotSupported":"Your browser does not support this audio","files":[{"path":"audios\/files-5f0c744d62e88.m4a","mime":"audio\/mp4","copyright":{"license":"U"}}]},"subContentId":"06ff115b-3d51-4bb4-bec6-66016982f557","metadata":{"contentType":"Audio","license":"U","title":"Higher Education"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""},{"x":4.126547455295736,"y":78.80434782608695,"width":20.632737276478682,"height":10.869565217391305,"action":{"library":"H5P.AdvancedText 1.1","params":{"text":"

Don't forget to listen to this one too<\/p>\n"},"subContentId":"a1e6ef76-8086-44ec-a9a0-bed738c45935","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""}],"slideBackgroundSelector":{}},{"elements":[{"x":1.3755158184319118,"y":2.717391304347826,"width":63.27372764786796,"height":93.75,"action":{"library":"H5P.Image 1.1","params":{"contentName":"Image","alt":"Museum","file":{"path":"images\/file-5f0c74bb7a823.png","mime":"image\/png","copyright":{"license":"U"},"width":600,"height":450}},"subContentId":"4b34e41c-5928-46a1-8e31-8348edd5d3a8","metadata":{"contentType":"Image","license":"U","title":"Untitled 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Georg BAUER 'Georgius AGRICOLA'<\/p>\n\n

De Re Metallica [1555] \"On the nature of metals\"<\/p>\n"},"subContentId":"f4ee4fc8-e883-4dbc-867f-05453a8b26f3","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""},{"x":77.34204793028321,"y":67.81247311827956,"width":21.78649237472767,"height":21.72043010752688,"action":{"library":"H5P.Audio 1.5","params":{"fitToWrapper":true,"playerMode":"full","controls":true,"autoplay":true,"playAudio":"Play audio","pauseAudio":"Pause audio","contentName":"Audio","audioNotSupported":"Your browser does not support this audio","files":[{"path":"audios\/files-5f0c7bc323651.m4a","mime":"audio\/mp4","copyright":{"license":"U"}}]},"subContentId":"0fe71f9f-7544-44db-ac62-0f5a4eb1ef41","metadata":{"contentType":"Audio","license":"U","title":"Agricola"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""}],"slideBackgroundSelector":{}},{"elements":[{"x":1.3755158184319118,"y":2.717391304347826,"width":62.310866574965615,"height":92.39130434782608,"action":{"library":"H5P.Image 1.1","params":{"contentName":"Image","file":{"path":"images\/file-5f0c7c8f8c2ca.png","mime":"image\/png","copyright":{"license":"U"},"width":600,"height":450},"alt":"physical properties"},"subContentId":"eae4a3f5-9105-4020-90dd-98f84accd753","metadata":{"contentType":"Image","license":"U","title":"Untitled Image"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""}],"slideBackgroundSelector":{}},{"elements":[{"x":1.3755158184319118,"y":2.717391304347826,"width":45.80467675378267,"height":67.93478260869566,"action":{"library":"H5P.Image 1.1","params":{"contentName":"Image","file":{"path":"images\/file-5f0c7c3a74301.png","mime":"image\/png","copyright":{"license":"U"},"width":600,"height":450},"alt":"modern minerals"},"subContentId":"b2c599e4-f01c-4b2f-a642-1b858c1f33e9","metadata":{"contentType":"Image","license":"U","title":"Untitled Image"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""},{"x":50.89408528198074,"y":0.8152173913043478,"width":47.59284731774416,"height":70.65217391304347,"action":{"library":"H5P.Image 1.1","params":{"contentName":"Image","file":{"path":"images\/file-5f0c7c5244754.png","mime":"image\/png","copyright":{"license":"U"},"width":600,"height":450},"alt":"modern minerals"},"subContentId":"b1d97985-f69d-43e5-9890-5abeaf76c2fb","metadata":{"contentType":"Image","license":"U","title":"Untitled Image"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""},{"x":4.126547455295736,"y":81.53885869565217,"width":86.65749656121046,"height":10.869565217391305,"action":{"library":"H5P.AdvancedText 1.1","params":{"text":"

In modern times we still use physical properties to classify minerals <\/span>but we also use chemistry (a mixed approach)<\/strong><\/p>\n"},"subContentId":"c1eecc3b-9d3b-4e9b-acef-0e3779ba8e6f","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""}],"slideBackgroundSelector":{}},{"elements":[{"x":1.3755158184319118,"y":5.434782608695652,"width":97.66162310866575,"height":92.39130434782608,"action":{"library":"H5P.AdvancedText 1.1","params":{"text":"

Aside<\/span><\/span><\/span>: <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Modern View<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

B. Classification of <\/span><\/span><\/span>rocks<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span>today<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

Pose 3 questions:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

- what minerals<\/span> are in this rock?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

- how<\/span> did they come together?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

- did they get altered<\/span> afterwards?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

The answers to these questions allow us to infer:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

- what is the source<\/span> of this rock?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

- which process(es) <\/span>formed this rock?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n"},"subContentId":"4a8fe15b-6db0-4663-b529-c169fc6705d9","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""}],"slideBackgroundSelector":{}},{"elements":[{"x":12.379642365887209,"y":2.717391304347826,"width":71.939477303989,"height":92.39130434782608,"action":{"library":"H5P.Image 1.1","params":{"contentName":"Image","file":{"path":"images\/file-5f0c7e0252f2b.png","mime":"image\/png","copyright":{"license":"U"},"width":597,"height":389},"alt":"watermen firemen"},"subContentId":"68b415fa-cb95-4c38-a13e-80152ceca4e5","metadata":{"contentType":"Image","license":"U","title":"Untitled Image"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""}],"slideBackgroundSelector":{}},{"elements":[{"x":35.366513761467886,"y":3.0211480362537766,"width":63.608562691131496,"height":93.65558912386707,"action":{"library":"H5P.Image 1.1","params":{"contentName":"Image","alt":"German geology","file":{"path":"images\/file-5f0ca1ce5d8e1.png","mime":"image\/png","copyright":{"license":"U"},"width":600,"height":450}},"subContentId":"5f3f7812-ff54-4cb7-8c6b-cf96314d4415","metadata":{"contentType":"Image","license":"U","title":"Untitled Image"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""},{"x":2.178649237472767,"y":77.32537634408601,"width":26.25272331154684,"height":18.064516129032256,"action":{"library":"H5P.Audio 1.5","params":{"fitToWrapper":true,"playerMode":"full","controls":true,"autoplay":true,"playAudio":"Play audio","pauseAudio":"Pause audio","contentName":"Audio","audioNotSupported":"Your browser does not support this audio","files":[{"path":"audios\/files-5f0d14edd9a3b.m4a","mime":"audio\/mp4","copyright":{"license":"U"}}]},"subContentId":"9fe68bdf-f3c6-4585-bf9d-9d0a57fae47a","metadata":{"contentType":"Audio","license":"U","title":"Untitled Audio"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""}],"slideBackgroundSelector":{}},{"elements":[{"x":1.529051987767584,"y":3.0211480362537766,"width":63.608562691131496,"height":93.65558912386707,"action":{"library":"H5P.Image 1.1","params":{"contentName":"Image","file":{"path":"images\/file-5f0c9c955a6bf.png","mime":"image\/png","copyright":{"license":"U"},"width":600,"height":450},"alt":"Werner"},"subContentId":"125107f7-3e62-46be-aeb5-f8b528ff4a38","metadata":{"contentType":"Image","license":"U","title":"Untitled Image"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""},{"x":82.56880733944953,"y":3.0211480362537766,"width":15.740615083678385,"height":40,"action":{"library":"H5P.Image 1.1","params":{"contentName":"Image","file":{"path":"images\/file-5f0c9caa4f7f6.jpg","mime":"image\/jpeg","copyright":{"license":"U"},"width":185,"height":238},"alt":"Werner himself"},"subContentId":"7b662594-01dd-407a-b38d-4cb1c6c9b476","metadata":{"contentType":"Image","license":"U","title":"Untitled Image"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""},{"x":65.74923547400611,"y":3.0211480362537766,"width":15.965548691146347,"height":40,"action":{"library":"H5P.Image 1.1","params":{"contentName":"Image","file":{"path":"images\/file-5f0c9cc84ad70.png","mime":"image\/png","copyright":{"license":"U"},"width":354,"height":449},"alt":"Werner book"},"subContentId":"8f20fea4-fd4a-4c8a-9ba1-5b4bc7fc7ce1","metadata":{"contentType":"Image","license":"U","title":"Untitled Image"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""},{"x":65.74923547400611,"y":45.33625377643504,"width":32.87461773700306,"height":51.963746223564954,"action":{"library":"H5P.Image 1.1","params":{"contentName":"Image","file":{"path":"images\/file-5f0c9cd9c383f.png","mime":"image\/png","copyright":{"license":"U"},"width":283,"height":227},"alt":"Siccar Point","title":"Siccar Point"},"subContentId":"bbaa2f47-f32a-418d-83de-bac4e319c49a","metadata":{"contentType":"Image","license":"U","title":"Untitled Image"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""},{"x":71.86544342507645,"y":48.338368580060425,"width":15.290519877675841,"height":7.2507552870090635,"action":{"library":"H5P.AdvancedText 1.1","params":{"text":"

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Abb\u00e9 Anton MORO proposed that rocks were formed in fire, this was quickly supported by James HUTTON<\/p>\n"},"subContentId":"ec9a6752-4be3-40b8-9a87-31ecadc7044b","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""},{"x":4.587155963302752,"y":70.99697885196375,"width":88.68501529051987,"height":24.169184290030213,"action":{"library":"H5P.AdvancedText 1.1","params":{"text":"Neptunists<\/span><\/span> differed from the <\/span>Plutonists<\/span><\/span> in holding that basalt<\/span> was a sedimentary deposit which included fossils and so could not be of volcanic origin<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n"},"subContentId":"26060788-40e2-4588-b3ce-8f2aba7c4b06","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""},{"x":35.932721712538225,"y":1.2084592145015105,"width":45.87155963302752,"height":72.50755287009063,"action":{"library":"H5P.AdvancedText 1.1","params":{"text":"

\u201cThe basalt controversy\" <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Is basalt sedimentary or volcanic?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

Werner<\/span> originally explained basalt as sedimentary <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>How did he get it so wrong?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

Basalt<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

a) - is very fine grained (interlocking cannot be observed<\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

b) - forms spectacular cooling cracks (similar to <\/span>mudcracks)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

c) - has runny lava which forms thin sheets, flows can <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>look like <\/span>sedimentary layers<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n"},"subContentId":"83c649a3-13ff-4082-9130-b75f5acf67e4","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""},{"x":3.058103975535168,"y":54.399697885196375,"width":25.99388379204893,"height":12.084592145015106,"action":{"library":"H5P.AdvancedText 1.1","params":{"text":"

This is part of what you looked at in the flash card activity!<\/em><\/p>\n"},"subContentId":"f1a7b4bc-23fe-4af6-b867-8199853712cb","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""},{"x":79.520697167756,"y":49.37161290322581,"width":19.607843137254903,"height":19.354838709677416,"action":{"library":"H5P.Audio 1.5","params":{"fitToWrapper":true,"playerMode":"full","controls":true,"autoplay":true,"playAudio":"Play audio","pauseAudio":"Pause audio","contentName":"Audio","audioNotSupported":"Your browser does not support this audio","files":[{"path":"audios\/files-5f0d17187aa77.m4a","mime":"audio\/mp4","copyright":{"license":"U"}}]},"subContentId":"e312ea34-c67e-4889-ad12-81c34cc6563f","metadata":{"contentType":"Audio","license":"U","title":"Untitled Audio"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""}],"slideBackgroundSelector":{}},{"elements":[{"x":1.529051987767584,"y":3.0211480362537766,"width":63.608562691131496,"height":93.65558912386707,"action":{"library":"H5P.Image 1.1","params":{"contentName":"Image","alt":"Basalt2","file":{"path":"images\/file-5f0ca32c60f3a.png","mime":"image\/png","copyright":{"license":"U"},"width":600,"height":450}},"subContentId":"916a436c-0a6f-4c6c-8d8f-7a828461bdc3","metadata":{"contentType":"Image","license":"U","title":"Untitled Image"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""},{"x":67.2782874617737,"y":3.0211480362537766,"width":30.886850152905197,"height":96.97885196374622,"action":{"library":"H5P.AdvancedText 1.1","params":{"text":"

Two of Werner's<\/span> students (d'Aubuisson<\/span> and von Buch<\/span>) found evidence for the volcanic origin of basalts near obvious volcanoes.<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

d\u2019Aubisson<\/span><\/span><\/span> found basalt of the so-called \u201cheated\u201d type directly deposited on granite of great thickness<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

Where was the required coal? Certainly not below the granite, since granite is a \u201cprimitive\u201d rock in the Wernerian<\/span> classification, laid down first, and thus cannot be underlain by coal (a later \u201cFloetz\u201d rock in Werner\u2019s classification).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

The \u2018basalt controversy\u2019 <\/span>thus came to an end by the first decade of the 1800\u2019s; basalt is volcanic<\/span>, <\/span><\/span>not<\/span><\/span> sedimentary. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n"},"subContentId":"65773905-2761-451b-a4f7-9a9a740cb627","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""}],"slideBackgroundSelector":{}},{"elements":[{"x":1.529051987767584,"y":3.0211480362537766,"width":63.608562691131496,"height":93.65558912386707,"action":{"library":"H5P.Image 1.1","params":{"contentName":"Image","alt":"James HALL","file":{"path":"images\/file-5f0ca3f4a42ec.png","mime":"image\/png","copyright":{"license":"U"},"width":600,"height":450}},"subContentId":"df67c9ed-6b41-4d45-a045-cf067825a9a8","metadata":{"contentType":"Image","license":"U","title":"Untitled Image"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""},{"x":67.5363834422658,"y":75.18150537634408,"width":28.32244008714597,"height":19.354838709677416,"action":{"library":"H5P.Audio 1.5","params":{"fitToWrapper":true,"playerMode":"full","controls":true,"autoplay":true,"playAudio":"Play audio","pauseAudio":"Pause audio","contentName":"Audio","audioNotSupported":"Your browser does not support this audio","files":[{"path":"audios\/files-5f0d17d708565.m4a","mime":"audio\/mp4","copyright":{"license":"U"}}]},"subContentId":"0d7a4fd7-8d5e-4227-a520-38ebf8fcc6a2","metadata":{"contentType":"Audio","license":"U","title":"Untitled Audio"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""}],"slideBackgroundSelector":{}},{"elements":[{"x":1.529051987767584,"y":3.0211480362537766,"width":22.93577981651376,"height":93.35347432024169,"action":{"library":"H5P.Image 1.1","params":{"contentName":"Image","file":{"path":"images\/file-5f0ca045a3b64.png","mime":"image\/png","copyright":{"license":"U"},"width":157,"height":326},"alt":"graphic granite"},"subContentId":"39db9817-ae4a-4128-8642-fb59e5f11f52","metadata":{"contentType":"Image","license":"U","title":"Untitled Image"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""},{"x":24.464831804281346,"y":3.0211480362537766,"width":35.16819571865443,"height":93.65558912386707,"action":{"library":"H5P.Image 1.1","params":{"contentName":"Image","alt":"granite veins","file":{"path":"images\/file-5f0ca068a743b.jpg","mime":"image\/jpeg","copyright":{"license":"U"},"width":402,"height":542}},"subContentId":"76d105b8-eadc-40bc-be09-f889d18c9326","metadata":{"contentType":"Image","license":"U","title":"Untitled Image"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""},{"x":60.09174311926605,"y":3.0211480362537766,"width":38.99082568807339,"height":51.359516616314195,"action":{"library":"H5P.Image 1.1","params":{"contentName":"Image","file":{"path":"images\/file-5f0ca0841baf5.jpg","mime":"image\/jpeg","copyright":{"license":"U"},"width":1024,"height":685},"alt":"Granite intrusion"},"subContentId":"43045141-5244-4975-9e6c-7fb106bfeb82","metadata":{"contentType":"Image","license":"U","title":"Untitled Image"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""},{"x":65.74923547400611,"y":57.40181268882175,"width":26.972454070060326,"height":40,"action":{"library":"H5P.Image 1.1","params":{"contentName":"Image","alt":"granite closeup","file":{"path":"images\/file-5f0ca0a241f0c.jpg","mime":"image\/jpeg","copyright":{"license":"U"},"width":650,"height":488}},"subContentId":"2781e71a-b287-440b-9de9-ec7de97ffc93","metadata":{"contentType":"Image","license":"U","title":"Untitled Image"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""},{"x":41.28440366972477,"y":6.042296072507553,"width":15.290519877675841,"height":12.084592145015106,"action":{"library":"H5P.AdvancedText 1.1","params":{"text":"

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104 Neptunists versus Plutonists - rock formation

Lisa Tutty