{"mode":"normal","dialogs":[{"text":"

Monocular Cues<\/strong><\/p>\n","answer":"

Visual cues that help us judge depth, distance, and 3D shape using just one eye. These are the same tools artists use to create the illusion of depth on a flat canvas.<\/p>\n","tips":{},"image":{"path":"images\/image-69766027c1c6e.jpg","mime":"image\/jpeg","copyright":{"license":"CC BY-SA","author":"Dori - Own work","title":"A horse (Equus caballus), taken in Urbana, IL.","year":"2008","source":"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Horse_headshot_4400.jpg#\/media\/File:Horse_headshot_4400.jpg","version":"3.0"},"width":1331,"height":2000},"imageAltText":"A horse using one eye to see"},{"text":"

Relative Size<\/strong><\/p>\n","answer":"

When two similar-sized objects appear different in size, the smaller one is perceived as farther away.<\/p>\n","tips":{},"image":{"path":"images\/image-697660d23a573.png","mime":"image\/png","copyright":{"license":"CC BY-SA","title":"Photo illustrating various depth cues: perspective, relative size, occlusion, texture gradients.","version":"3.0","source":"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Depth_cues_1.png#\/media\/File:Depth_cues_1.png","author":"Brazzit at English Wikipedia","year":"2005"},"width":787,"height":623},"imageAltText":"Photo of a few cars on a street illustrating relative size"},{"text":"

Interposition<\/strong><\/p>\n","answer":"

If one object partially blocks another, we perceive the blocking object as being closer and the blocked object as being farther. <\/p>\n","tips":{},"image":{"path":"images\/image-6976629b7d477.jpg","mime":"image\/jpeg","copyright":{"license":"CC BY-SA","source":"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Female_domestic_cat_black_and_white_05.jpg#\/media\/File:Female_domestic_cat_black_and_white_05.jpg","author":"Juli\u00e1n Monge-N\u00e1jera - Own work","title":"Female domestic cat black and white","version":"4.0"},"width":2599,"height":2568},"imageAltText":"A can inside a box illustrating interposition"},{"text":"

Linear Perspective<\/strong><\/p>\n","answer":"

Parallel lines appear to converge as they get farther away.<\/p>\n","tips":{},"image":{"path":"images\/image-69766345be3e2.jpg","mime":"image\/jpeg","copyright":{"license":"CC BY-SA","source":"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Bogura_railway_station.jpg#\/media\/File:Bogura_railway_station.jpg","author":"5h4m6u - Own work","title":"Bogura railway station","version":"4.0","year":"2020"},"width":4608,"height":3456},"imageAltText":"railroad converging in distance illustrating linear perspective"},{"text":"

Texture Gradient<\/strong><\/p>\n","answer":"

Objects that are closer appear more detailed, while distant objects look smoother.<\/p>\n","tips":{},"image":{"path":"images\/image-69766413e8b4a.jpg","mime":"image\/jpeg","copyright":{"license":"CC BY-SA","source":"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Cobblestone_road_in_Biendorf,_west_of_K%C3%B6then,_Saxony-Anhalt,_Germany_-_panoramio.jpg#\/media\/File:Cobblestone_road_in_Biendorf,_west_of_K%C3%B6then,_Saxony-Anhalt,_Germany_-_panoramio.jpg","title":"Cobblestone road in Biendorf, west of K\u00f6then, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany","version":"3.0","year":"2015","author":"Maarten Sepp"},"width":1200,"height":1600},"imageAltText":"Cobblestone illustrating texture gradient. those Cobblestone far away have no texture."},{"text":"

Aerial Perspective<\/strong><\/p>\n","answer":"

Particles in the air make distant objects appear less sharp, lower in contrast, and more blue than objects that are closer.<\/p>\n","tips":{},"image":{"path":"images\/image-69765da26fe6c.jpg","mime":"image\/jpeg","copyright":{"license":"CC BY-SA","version":"3.0","author":"Valerius Tygart - Own work,","source":"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:MonNatForest.jpg#\/media\/File:MonNatForest.jpg","title":"The Monongahela National Forest; photo taken from slopes of Back Allegheny Mountain looking east"},"width":2816,"height":2112},"imageAltText":"Photo taken above the mountain illustrating aerial perspective."},{"text":"

Motion Parallax<\/strong><\/p>\n","answer":"

When we move, objects that are closer appear to move faster and in the opposite direction, while objects that are farther away appear to move more slowly and in the same direction.<\/p>\n","tips":{},"image":{"path":"images\/image-69765ec4d4794.jpg","mime":"image\/jpeg","copyright":{"license":"CC BY-SA","title":"Motion blur due to motion parallax when looking out of a moving suburban train.","author":"Georg Buzin - Own work","source":"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Bewegungsunsch%C3%A4rfe_durch_Bewegungsparallaxe_beim_Blick_aus_der_S-Bahn_nach_Osterburken.jpg#\/media\/File:Bewegungsunsch%C3%A4rfe_durch_Bewegungsparallaxe_beim_Blick_aus_der_S-Bahn_nach_Osterburken.jpg","version":"4.0","year":"2018"},"width":1890,"height":1890},"imageAltText":"Motion blur due to motion parallax when looking out of a moving suburban train."},{"text":"

Light and Shadow<\/strong><\/p>\n","answer":"

Shadows and lighting give us clues about an object\u2019s shape and its depth.<\/p>\n","tips":{},"image":{"path":"images\/image-6976660cd9f97.jpg","mime":"image\/jpeg","copyright":{"license":"CC BY-SA","author":"Martin Kraus - Own work","title":"Computer graphic of a sphere with Lambertian (diffuse) lighting, hemisphere lighting from ground and a soft shadow, rendered with GLSL shaders in Unity","year":"2012","source":"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Sphere_with_soft_shadow.jpg#\/media\/File:Sphere_with_soft_shadow.jpg","version":"3.0"},"width":876,"height":607},"imageAltText":"A sphere with its shadow illustrating light and shadow monocular cue"}],"behaviour":{"enableRetry":true,"disableBackwardsNavigation":false,"scaleTextNotCard":false,"randomCards":false,"maxProficiency":5,"quickProgression":false},"answer":"Turn","next":"Next","prev":"Previous","retry":"Retry","correctAnswer":"I got it right!","incorrectAnswer":"I got it wrong","round":"Round @round","cardsLeft":"Cards left: @number","nextRound":"Proceed to round @round","startOver":"Start over","showSummary":"Next","summary":"Summary","summaryCardsRight":"Cards you got right:","summaryCardsWrong":"Cards you got wrong:","summaryCardsNotShown":"Cards in pool not shown:","summaryOverallScore":"Overall Score","summaryCardsCompleted":"Cards you have completed learning:","summaryCompletedRounds":"Completed rounds:","summaryAllDone":"Well done! You have mastered all @cards cards by getting them correct @max times!","progressText":"Card @card of @total","cardFrontLabel":"Card front","cardBackLabel":"Card back","tipButtonLabel":"Show tip","audioNotSupported":"Your browser does not support this audio","confirmStartingOver":{"header":"Start over?","body":"All progress will be lost. Are you sure you want to start over?","cancelLabel":"Cancel","confirmLabel":"Start over"},"title":"","description":""}

Monocular Vision

Description

Elham Satvat, PhD