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Adding or removing something in the environment after the behaviour occurs increases the future frequency of a behaviour (e.g., rewards). Positive reinforcement is adding something to the environment (a reward) and negative reinforcement is removing something from the environment (getting rid of something aversive). For example:<\/p>\n\n

Rewarding a job well done with a paycheck every 2 weeks.<\/li>\n\t
Removing the averse effects of the bright sun with a pair of sunglasses.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n"},"library":"H5P.AdvancedText 1.1","subContentId":"78163b22-86da-4c5d-af6c-f0432d28013a","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"}},"title":"Reinforcement"},{"content":{"params":{"text":"
Extinction refers to removing the reinforcement from a behaviour to decrease its frequency in the future. This needs to be function-based (e.g.., Ignoring for attention, Follow-through for escape and tangible, Removing the reinforcing sensory object for sensory). For example, ignoring a child\u2019s demands if they don\u2019t use the word \u2018please\u2019.<\/p>\n"},"library":"H5P.AdvancedText 1.1","subContentId":"4f0937dd-a0c6-4eba-95c5-ecdf2601f739","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"}},"title":"Extinction"},{"content":{"params":{"text":"
This refers to adding or removing something from the environment after the behaviour occurs i order to decrease the future frequency of the behaviour. Positive punishment involves adding and negative punishment involves removing. For example, Elaine is prone to throwing her toys. The goal is to reduce the frequency of this behaviour. When someone asks for a toy and Elaine throws it, she is sent for a time-out (negative punishment; she is removed from the play area).<\/p>\n"},"library":"H5P.AdvancedText 1.1","subContentId":"42a7fe9c-9e45-440b-bd6d-a8e68ddb035e","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"}},"title":"Punishment"}],"hTag":"h2"}