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Cultural dimensions and traits may apply in various ways when individuals from different cultures communicate.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

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___________________________________________________<\/p>\n\n

No cultural interaction: <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

When individuals from two different cultures do not interact, they do not communicate and therefore do not understand each other nor have any understanding of each other\u2019s views. <\/span><\/p>\n"},"library":"H5P.AdvancedText 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"},"subContentId":"6df818dd-6210-41b7-96ce-f413eca141ce"},"useSeparator":"enabled"},{"content":{"params":{"contentName":"Image","file":{"path":"images\/file-6165ac5a2c5ba.png","mime":"image\/png","copyright":{"license":"U"},"width":1188,"height":768}},"library":"H5P.Image 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Image","license":"U","title":"Untitled Image"},"subContentId":"81e452a2-50a6-44da-b061-da959d13e3cf"},"useSeparator":"enabled"}]},"library":"H5P.Column 1.16","metadata":{"contentType":"Column","license":"U","title":"No Cultural interaction"},"subContentId":"ea37002e-4051-4940-956c-04948f3f4406"},{"params":{"content":[{"content":{"params":{"text":"

_____________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n\n

Interaction and Conversion of cultures: <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Where there is a healthy interaction between cultures and people with different cultural views and beliefs are respected, there is a beneficial culture interaction. Individuals can learn to communicate effectively and understand each other. <\/span><\/p>\n\n

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____________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n\n

Communication collision:<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n\n

Communication between individuals from different cultures may collide when one views their culture as superior to the other individual\u2019s culture, and the person with the less popular cultural view may feel alienated and excluded. <\/span><\/p>\n\n

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_____________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n\n

How cultural views affect communication<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n

There are a few additional cultural traits that will help us see how cultural views and traits can affect communication. <\/p>\n\n

These traits include: <\/p>\n\n

\n\t
High vs. low territoriality <\/strong><\/li>\n\t
High contact vs. high context <\/strong><\/li>\n\t
Respect for elders and authority vs. respect for everyone <\/strong><\/li>\n\t
Negotiation Style: not everything is negotiable vs. everything is negotiable <\/strong><\/li>\n\t
Monochronic vs. polychronic <\/strong><\/li>\n\t
Relationship focused vs. task focused <\/strong><\/li>\n\t
Formal vs. informal <\/strong><\/li>\n\t
Reserved vs. expressive <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n
<\/p>\n"},"library":"H5P.AdvancedText 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"},"subContentId":"99d07fe8-f460-40ef-a153-0e83d7d5fc1f"},"useSeparator":"auto"}]},"library":"H5P.Column 1.16","metadata":{"contentType":"Column","license":"U","title":"How cultural views affect communication"},"subContentId":"067a0876-db50-4048-a6ce-cadd02ae5608"},{"params":{"content":[{"content":{"params":{"text":"
_____________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n\n
High vs. low territoriality<\/strong> <\/span><\/h3>\n\n
People can see sharing common workspace in the lab or office space in different ways.  <\/span><\/p>\n\n
\n\t
\n\t
High territoriality individuals are sensitive about their personal space.  <\/span><\/p>\n\t<\/li>\n\t
\n\t
Low territoriality individuals are more flexible about shared space with others <\/span><\/p>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n"},"library":"H5P.AdvancedText 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"},"subContentId":"2f1da25d-3ba8-4a87-98ba-b97112511ac0"},"useSeparator":"auto"},{"content":{"params":{"contentName":"Image","file":{"path":"images\/file-616dcd8c4da2b.png","mime":"image\/png","copyright":{"license":"U"},"width":1037,"height":779}},"library":"H5P.Image 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Image","license":"U","title":"Untitled Image"},"subContentId":"c43d2c3e-5143-4444-a4f6-dfd7cc30d22c"},"useSeparator":"auto"}]},"library":"H5P.Column 1.16","metadata":{"contentType":"Column","license":"U","title":"High vs. low territoriality"},"subContentId":"3e0844b7-c92d-4aba-a61f-37150f82ac40"},{"params":{"content":[{"content":{"params":{"text":"
_____________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n\n
High contact vs. high context<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n\n
When encountering a new situation, people may approach solutions from different angles.  <\/span><\/p>\n\n
\n\t
\n\t
High contact individuals believe that behaviour and society should be governed by an agreed-upon set of rules <\/span><\/p>\n\t<\/li>\n\t
\n\t
High context individuals believe that any rules must be adapted to the context of the situation <\/span><\/p>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n"},"library":"H5P.AdvancedText 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"},"subContentId":"09d76f0c-541e-4fcb-a233-b3bfe2924dbb"},"useSeparator":"auto"},{"content":{"params":{"contentName":"Image","file":{"path":"images\/file-616ee6664be2a.png","mime":"image\/png","copyright":{"license":"U"},"width":4316,"height":3244}},"library":"H5P.Image 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Image","license":"U","title":"Untitled Image"},"subContentId":"c8fcbf37-2358-4ddd-a383-be29f9b25b28"},"useSeparator":"auto"}]},"library":"H5P.Column 1.16","metadata":{"contentType":"Column","license":"U","title":"High contact vs. high context"},"subContentId":"0df087aa-2038-489a-a2d1-6fa88c08ae99"},{"params":{"content":[{"content":{"params":{"text":"
_____________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n\n
Respect for elders and authority vs. respect for everyone <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n
Age and position may become a factor in how people in a team communicate with each other. <\/span><\/p>\n\n
\n\t
\n\t
Respect for elders and authority is the belief that one should always obey and respect one\u2019s elders and those in authority.  <\/span><\/p>\n\t<\/li>\n\t
\n\t
Respect for everyone is the belief that authority can be questioned and elders are just like everyone else. <\/span><\/p>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n"},"library":"H5P.AdvancedText 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"},"subContentId":"0f9c7936-81a9-4421-a047-49dca2bfd144"},"useSeparator":"auto"},{"content":{"params":{"contentName":"Image","file":{"path":"images\/file-6182c7660f0dd.png","mime":"image\/png","copyright":{"license":"U"},"width":4313,"height":3238}},"library":"H5P.Image 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Image","license":"U","title":"Untitled Image"},"subContentId":"4f0b63ca-154a-4103-b9b3-2666aa6bfc65"},"useSeparator":"auto"}]},"library":"H5P.Column 1.16","metadata":{"contentType":"Column","license":"U","title":"Respect for elders and authority vs. respect for everyone"},"subContentId":"eb9e0740-ecf9-4542-bea9-8d6017c29e16"},{"params":{"content":[{"content":{"params":{"text":"
_____________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n\n
Negotiation Style: not everything is negotiable vs. everything is negotiable <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n
When discussing a future project, there may be a misunderstanding in negotiation: some may believe that their work agreement is finalized when they sign it, while others may see it as something that can be changed and adapted based on a situation even after signing and discussing it. <\/span><\/p>\n\n
\n\t
\n\t
When agreement is seen as the final point in negotiation, once an agreement is reached, both sides should adhere to the agreement.  <\/span><\/p>\n\t<\/li>\n\t
\n\t
Another view is that agreement is seen as a starting point for further negotiations. <\/span><\/p>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n
<\/p>\n"},"library":"H5P.AdvancedText 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"},"subContentId":"088611cc-9595-4bf5-a12e-9cf59b6bae7d"},"useSeparator":"auto"},{"content":{"params":{"contentName":"Image","file":{"path":"images\/file-616ee689baa82.png","mime":"image\/png","copyright":{"license":"U"},"width":4314,"height":3238}},"library":"H5P.Image 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Image","license":"U","title":"Untitled Image"},"subContentId":"d79959b7-6aa0-4d01-91dd-1b10864aa311"},"useSeparator":"auto"}]},"library":"H5P.Column 1.16","metadata":{"contentType":"Column","license":"U","title":"Negotiation Style:\u00a0not everything is negotiable vs. everything is negotiable"},"subContentId":"088a9373-5580-4f6c-ba1e-c195006dc83c"},{"params":{"content":[{"content":{"params":{"text":"
_____________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n\n
Monochronic vs. polychronic <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n
Working in a multicultural environment, some may see the set deadlines as \u2018set\u2019 and they will work towards respecting it, and others will see it more as a fluid guideline that may move and change. <\/span><\/p>\n\n
\n\t
\n\t
Monochronic people treat time as linear: you do A, then B, and then you reach your goal. Monochronic people are generally on time and highly structured. <\/span><\/p>\n\t<\/li>\n\t
\n\t
Polychronic people feel that they can do many things at once. Schedules, deadlines and promptness are not as important to them as to the monochronic person. <\/span><\/p>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n"},"library":"H5P.AdvancedText 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"},"subContentId":"5dc743d3-f22f-4d51-9a6a-e24d14f8a830"},"useSeparator":"auto"},{"content":{"params":{"contentName":"Image","file":{"path":"images\/file-616dc67557c4e.png","mime":"image\/png","copyright":{"license":"U"},"width":1037,"height":779}},"library":"H5P.Image 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Image","license":"U","title":"Untitled Image"},"subContentId":"7ef538e9-7277-4711-a091-3e92328cb503"},"useSeparator":"auto"}]},"library":"H5P.Column 1.16","metadata":{"contentType":"Column","license":"U","title":"Monochronic vs. polychronic"},"subContentId":"4e98d1f2-40e1-4146-9adb-5057797ce58b"},{"params":{"content":[{"content":{"params":{"text":"
_____________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n\n
Relationship focused vs. task focused <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n
A team environment can sometimes be shaped around creating a good atmosphere regardless of the productivity, or around productivity regardless of the work environment. <\/span><\/p>\n\n
\n\t
\n\t
Relationship-focused cultures emphasize harmony, value close relationships and don\u2019t like to do business with strangers. <\/span><\/p>\n\t<\/li>\n\t
\n\t
Task-focused cultures are direct, frank, highly contractual and like to get down to business quickly.<\/span><\/p>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n"},"library":"H5P.AdvancedText 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"},"subContentId":"74c71356-3bbe-4914-82cc-c2e8a273175f"},"useSeparator":"auto"},{"content":{"params":{"contentName":"Image","file":{"path":"images\/file-616ee6956a275.png","mime":"image\/png","copyright":{"license":"U"},"width":4313,"height":3239}},"library":"H5P.Image 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Image","license":"U","title":"Untitled Image"},"subContentId":"72761891-07ca-427f-8ee0-445a6f12df76"},"useSeparator":"auto"}]},"library":"H5P.Column 1.16","metadata":{"contentType":"Column","license":"U","title":"Relationship focused vs. task\u00a0focused"},"subContentId":"6106e940-8e78-4dcf-99bc-408ac4f94246"},{"params":{"content":[{"content":{"params":{"text":"
_____________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n\n
Formal vs. informal <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n
Some team members may choose to address people by their first names or by their titles. <\/span><\/p>\n\n
\n\t
\n\t
In formal cultures individuals Believe that it is disrespectful to use informal forms of addressing people. They also respect and value differences in status. <\/span><\/p>\n\t<\/li>\n\t
\n\t
Members of informal cultures like to be called by their first names. They don\u2019t value and often feel uncomfortable with differences in status. <\/span><\/p>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n"},"library":"H5P.AdvancedText 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"},"subContentId":"5cf3ffe4-b4c4-4f31-9f24-fb605b5c8d8f"},"useSeparator":"auto"},{"content":{"params":{"contentName":"Image","file":{"path":"images\/file-616dc69dc9b79.png","mime":"image\/png","copyright":{"license":"U"},"width":1036,"height":779}},"library":"H5P.Image 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Image","license":"U","title":"Untitled Image"},"subContentId":"1a01c647-201f-4b64-a63f-2e1d96848416"},"useSeparator":"auto"}]},"library":"H5P.Column 1.16","metadata":{"contentType":"Column","license":"U","title":"Formal vs. informal"},"subContentId":"900ba09b-9c15-4e21-88f6-5ba61827708c"},{"params":{"content":[{"content":{"params":{"text":"
_____________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n\n
Reserved vs. expressive <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n
In a group discussion, those with expressive cultural views are not afraid to speak and share opinions, while others believe that it may be impolite to speak up and they may come across as someone trying to \u2018show off\u2019. <\/span><\/p>\n\n
\n\t
\n\t
Reserved cultures do not \u201cput themselves out there\u201d. They hold back, often speak softly and consider laughter, and pats on the back as rude. <\/span><\/p>\n\t<\/li>\n\t
\n\t
Expressive cultures look people in their eyes, shake their hands, and jolly them up.<\/span><\/p>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n"},"library":"H5P.AdvancedText 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"},"subContentId":"1c1a3b42-f08b-4baf-adf5-bc585e1a2602"},"useSeparator":"auto"},{"content":{"params":{"contentName":"Image","file":{"path":"images\/file-616dc64795d78.png","mime":"image\/png","copyright":{"license":"U"},"width":1036,"height":779}},"library":"H5P.Image 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Image","license":"U","title":"Untitled Image"},"subContentId":"a6c453de-fe5b-4916-bf35-0b97599f3c00"},"useSeparator":"auto"}]},"library":"H5P.Column 1.16","metadata":{"contentType":"Column","license":"U","title":"Reserved vs. expressive"},"subContentId":"ba571fed-973e-485c-ac37-a00c4815ec6d"}],"behaviour":{"defaultTableOfContents":true,"progressIndicators":true,"progressAuto":true,"displaySummary":true},"read":"Read","displayTOC":"Display 'Table of contents'","hideTOC":"Hide 'Table of contents'","nextPage":"Next page","previousPage":"Previous page","chapterCompleted":"Page completed!","partCompleted":"@pages of @total completed","incompleteChapter":"Incomplete page","navigateToTop":"Navigate to the top","markAsFinished":"I have finished this page","fullscreen":"Fullscreen","exitFullscreen":"Exit fullscreen","bookProgressSubtext":"@count of @total pages","interactionsProgressSubtext":"@count of @total interactions","submitReport":"Submit Report","restartLabel":"Restart","summaryHeader":"Summary","allInteractions":"All interactions","unansweredInteractions":"Unanswered interactions","scoreText":"@score \/ @maxscore","leftOutOfTotalCompleted":"@left of @max interactions completed","noInteractions":"No interactions","score":"Score","summaryAndSubmit":"Summary & submit","noChapterInteractionBoldText":"You have not interacted with any pages.","noChapterInteractionText":"You have to interact with at least one page before you can see the summary.","yourAnswersAreSubmittedForReview":"Your answers are submitted for review!","bookProgress":"Book progress","interactionsProgress":"Interactions progress","totalScoreLabel":"Total score","a11y":{"progress":"Page @page of @total.","menu":"Toggle navigation menu"}}

M1U2 L1 - Interactive Book (How we communicate across cultures)

Comcourse