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The initial attachment of the virion to the host cell is initiated by interactions between the S protein and its receptor. Following receptor binding, conformational changes and alterations in the plasma membrane facilitates the movement of the virus into the host cell through receptor-mediated endocytosis or membrane fusion.<\/p>\n"},"library":"H5P.Text 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"},"subContentId":"c099afb7-ee0a-492e-80e4-4b58cd901f51"}]},{"position":{"x":45.53775743707094,"y":29.974082934609253},"alwaysFullscreen":false,"content":[{"params":{"text":"

Enzymatic actions cleave the S proteins, releasing the contents of the virus (genomic RNA) into the host cell cytoplasm.<\/p>\n"},"library":"H5P.Text 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"},"subContentId":"ac941f5d-ccb6-4a2f-ab37-d10e097bfa35"}]},{"position":{"x":39.359267734553775,"y":44.161184210526315},"alwaysFullscreen":false,"content":[{"params":{"text":"

The host cell machinery (ie. ribosomes) translate the genomic RNA, which encodes two large open-reading frames that express two co-terminal polyproteins, pp1a and pp1ab. <\/p>\n"},"library":"H5P.Text 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"},"subContentId":"b30d1e97-2139-46ce-b21e-2afef84a996e"}]},{"position":{"x":26.43020594965675,"y":72.24381977671452},"alwaysFullscreen":false,"content":[{"params":{"text":"

Polyproteins pp1a and pp1ab are often referred to as replicase polyproteins due to their involvement in replication and transcription. Coronaviruses encode proteases that cleave the replicase polyproteins into smaller proteins which assemble into the replicase-transcriptase complex to create an environment suitable for RNA synthesis. These proteins combine with the genomic RNA, which faciliates replication and transcription of the virus and sub-genomic RNAs.<\/p>\n"},"library":"H5P.Text 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"},"subContentId":"81ae9992-33f3-4f0d-8370-8cc645877474"}]},{"position":{"x":53.432494279176204,"y":61.43590510366826},"alwaysFullscreen":false,"content":[{"params":{"text":"

Viral RNA synthesis produces both genomic and sub-genomic RNAs. Sub-genomic RNAs serve as mRNAs for the structural and accessory genes which reside downstream of the replicase polyproteins. <\/p>\n"},"library":"H5P.Text 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"},"subContentId":"b95abab1-edde-4862-873e-95867d3b5c24"}]},{"position":{"x":81.57894736842105,"y":78.58851674641149},"alwaysFullscreen":false,"content":[{"params":{"text":"

Following replication and subgenomic RNA synthesis, the viral structural proteins (S, E, M) are translated and inserted into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). These proteins move along the secretory pathway into the ER-Golgi intermediate compartment.<\/p>\n"},"library":"H5P.Text 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"},"subContentId":"a223af6b-63a5-44bb-991a-fede193072ff"}]},{"position":{"x":75.97254004576659,"y":44.17613636363637},"alwaysFullscreen":false,"content":[{"params":{"text":"

Viral genome encapsidated by nucleocapsid (N) protein bud into membranes containing viral structural proteins (S, E, M), forming mature virions.<\/p>\n"},"library":"H5P.Text 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"},"subContentId":"83c00110-b714-469f-a18b-28513a88f0e5"}]},{"position":{"x":76.31578947368422,"y":12.908692185007975},"alwaysFullscreen":false,"content":[{"params":{"text":"

Following assembly, virions are transported to the cell surface in vesicles and released by exocytosis. The release of the viral progeny, now a full mature coronavirus, leads to the infection of other cells.<\/p>\n"},"library":"H5P.Text 1.1","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"},"subContentId":"584e6df1-04c3-4731-876a-8b4b5878ab6b"}]}],"hotspotNumberLabel":"Hotspot #num","closeButtonLabel":"Close","image":{"path":"images\/image-5e84e9ddb817f.png","mime":"image\/png","copyright":{"license":"U","title":"Coronavirus Replication Cycle","author":"BioRender","source":"http:\/\/www.biorender.com"},"width":1736,"height":1236}}